Airtime has become the top expenditure in many households, toppling rent in the basket of goods that determine the cost of living in Kenya, according to Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) report of April 2020. Naturally, this means any change in airtime prices will have a direct impact on the cost of living and so Kenyans must be braced for tough times ahead.
Considering that government services such as drivers’ licences, land transfers, parking and licence fees are done online, increase in airtime excise duty will push data costs higher and which will, in turn, affect internet access and penetration levels, innovation and employment – especially for the self employed youths who rely on the internet for their income.
The new excise tax is being interpreted as punishment for consumption of mobile services – which is basically over 45 million Kenyans. This is an extra tax on top of paying 16% VAT already levied on airtime and data cost – raising the total tax levied airtime to 36% (16% VAT+20% excise).
In simple terms for every Ksh100 airtime or mobile data, KshSh36 will go to the government in the form of taxes, putting mobile phone users among the most heavily taxed consumers in Kenya.
Effectively, airtime and data have been lumped together with sin-tax products such as alcohol, and cigarettes as well as luxuries like perfumes and mineral water.
Sin tax on airtime
Historically, excise taxes in Kenya have been levied on the domestic production of only four products – namely cigarettes, sugar, beer, spirits and matches – as increased excise is used to discourage consumption of products deemed to be harmful to the health and morality of the consumer.
Safaricom consumers will pay the biggest portion of the new excise tax, followed by Airtel. Safaricom PLC was the largest mobile telecom operator in Kenya from 2018 to 2020, with a market share of 63.6% in the fourth quarter of 2020. Airtel Networks Limited accounted for 27.2% in the same period, making it the country’s second biggest provider of mobile subscriptions.